Opening Lead
- Choosing the best opening lead requires careful consideration of bidding,
holdings, and other relevant factors. Also see Passive Lead,
Trump Lead,
Notrump Game Doubled,
Lightner Double,
Fisher Double,
Journalist,
Active Defense,
Forcing Defense,
Carding,
Fourth Best or
Third and Fifth leads,
Coded 9 and 10 (Jack
denies, 10 implies), Obvious Suit
Preference, and Middle Up Down (MUD),
Bottom Of Something Top Of Nothing (BOSTON).
Contract and
Duplicate Bridge video training lessons on Opening Leads - Incredible Defense:
This text will be replaced
More Video
Lessons -Leads against Notrump Contracts:
Broken Suit Leads
- Day 4, Part 1a
Part 1b
More Leads Against Notrump
- Day 5
More Video
Lessons - Leads Against Suit Contracts:
Introduction to Leads Against Suit Contracts - Day 1
Active Leads Against Suit Contracts - Day 2
Passive Leads Against Suit Contracts - Day 3
Trump Leads - Day 4
Choice of
Suits -
Avoid Leading:
1. |
Long suits bid by opponents |
2. |
An Ace of a suit if opponent
may be void |
3. |
Suits that partner could have
indicated during bidding but refused to do so |
4. |
Away from an Ace (underleading)
in a long suit or one that declarer may hold the King |
5. |
Leading a singleton trump
(unless you know partner has a long trump stack as passing
your takeout double, or opponents made a high-level sacrifice with few
honors - planning to cross-ruff, etc) |
General Lead Factors:
1. |
Partner's bid suit, especially
lead-directing doubles |
2. |
Suits where opponents' have weak
holdings |
3. |
Passive lead when opponents' bidding shows: |
A. |
Minimal
strength |
B. |
Lack of strong
side suit |
C. |
Declarer is strong but dummy is
weak |
D. |
Lacking obvious lead |
E. |
Opponents' have a poor fit |
F. |
Solid Slam or Grandslam bid (as
opposed to questionable ones) |
4. |
Aggressively lead suit/s to
quickly take tricks when: |
A. |
Dummy has a long suit likely to promote tricks |
B. |
Opponents' have extra values
or showed slam interest |
C. |
Opponents' side suit is
breaking evenly |
5. |
Lead trump (except with
singleton) when: |
A. |
Opponents' have a misfit or mediocre fit |
B. |
Your side controls other
suits (as when opponents sacrifice) |
C. |
Opponents' avoid Notrump |
D. |
Your side has a long trump
holding (especially when making a penalty Pass) |
6. |
Lead short suit against suit
contracts to develop ruffing tricks when: |
A. |
Short in unbid suits |
B. |
Long in opponents' side
suit (allowing partner to ruff) |
7. |
Consider Forcing Leads when: |
A. |
Opponents' do not have a
strong trump fit, such as a 4-3 fit. |
B. |
Opponent's have 4-4 trump
fit, while defenders have a 4-1 trump distribution. |
C. |
Declarer hold a two suited
hand. |
D. |
Defenders have a long
suit/s which force declarer to ruff. |
Choices Based
on Strength - Based on bidding inferences, determine partner's likely point
and suit holdings:
1. |
If partner does not hold
honors, lead to preserve possible tricks based on own holdings |
2. |
If partner has useful honors,
lead to finesse dummy |
3. |
If holding strength in Dummy's
suit which is likely to be finessed, lead aggressively |
4. |
If holding strength is
declarer's suit likely to finesse Right Hand Opponent, consider a passive
lead |
Leads Against Notrump
- Promote long suits and suits with controlling honors:
1. |
Suit bid or implied by partner
double (takeout, lead directing, Lightener Doubles) |
2. |
Top of honor sequence from a 4+
card suit (but not a 4 card suit with 1 honor or 2 intermediate honors) |
3. |
A 5 card suit with useful
entries, particularly honor in suit |
4. |
Suits inferred by partner's
pass (where another suit could have been implied with takeout, lead
directing, Lightener Doubles) |
5. |
Without useful entries in long
suit, lead another suit helpful to partner (opponent's unbid major,
especially suits with honors) |
6. |
Against Gambling 3 Notrump,
lead an Ace |
Leads Against Suit Contracts -
1. |
Suit bid or implied by partner
double (takeout, lead directing, Lightener Doubles) |
2. |
Top of honor sequence,
especially shorter suits |
3. |
Short suit, especially a
singleton (assuming non-honor ruffing power) |
4. |
Long powerful non-trump suits,
forcing lead exhausting opponents trump when: |
A. |
Holding 4+ trumps |
B. |
Declarer has a two suited
hand |
C. |
Opponents' do not have a fit
(4-3 trump) |
5. |
Suits inferred by partner's
Pass (where another suit could have been implied with takeout, lead
directing, Lightener Doubles) |
6. |
Trump lead when Dummy will
likely ruff or develop tricks through crossruffing |
7. |
Trump lead when partner
converts a Takeout Double to a Penalty Pass, implying a long trump holding |
8. |
Aggressive leads (as
unsupported honors) when Dummy has a long suit |
9. |
Ace from a doubleton |
10. |
If none of the above, make a
passive lead |
Leads Against Slam Contracts -
1. |
King from touching honors |
2. |
Use caution leading an Ace from a suit if opponent
may be void |
Leads From
Suit Holdings - This table assumes standard fourth-best opening leads
|
Defender's |
Length |
Holding |
Lead versus Notrump |
Lead versus Suit |
2 |
A x through
x x |
High |
High |
3 |
A x x,
A 10 x |
Low |
Ace |
|
A Q x,
A J x |
Middle |
Ace |
|
A K x |
See
a. |
See
a. |
|
K Q x,
Q J x,
J 10 x,
10 9 x |
High |
High |
|
K J x, K 10 x,
Q 10 x |
Low |
Low |
|
K x x,
Q x x, J x x,
10 x x |
Low |
Low |
|
x x x |
High |
MUD, etc |
4 |
A K 10 x,
A K x x,
K Q x x |
High |
High |
|
A K J x, A K 10 9,
K Q x x |
Low |
King |
|
A Q J x,
A J x x,
A 10 x x,
A x x x |
Low |
Ace |
|
A J 10 x,
A 10
x x |
2nd Best |
Ace |
|
K Q J x,
Q J 10 x,
J 10 9 x,
10 9 8 x |
High |
High |
|
K Q 10 x,
Q J 9 x,
J 10 8 x,
10 9 7 x |
High |
High |
|
K J x x, J 10 x x, Q 10 x x |
Low |
Low |
|
K x x x,
Q x x x, J x x x,
10 x x x |
Low |
Low |
|
Q J x x, J 10 x x,
10 9 x x |
Low |
Low |
5 |
A K J 10 x |
Ace |
- |
|
A K
J x x |
King |
- |
|
A J 10 9 x, A J 10 8 x, K J 10 9 x,
K J 10 8 x |
2nd Best |
- |
|
A J 10 x x, K J
10 x x |
2nd Best |
- |
|
A 10 9 x x, K 10 9 x x,
Q 10 9 x x |
Low |
- |
|
K 10 9 8 x, K 10 9 7x , Q 10 9 8 x,
Q 10 9 7 x |
2nd Best |
- |
|
K Q J 10 x,
K Q J 9 x,
Q J 10 9 x,
Q J 10 8 x |
High |
- |
|
K Q J x x,
K Q 10 x x,
Q J 10 x x,
J 10 9 x x |
High |
- |
|
K Q 10 9 x,
K 10 9 7 x,
Q 10 9 8 x,
Q 10 9 7 x |
2nd Best |
- |
|
K 10 9 8 x,
K 10 9 7 x, Q 10 9 8 x,
Q 10 9 7 x |
Low |
- |
|
10 9 8 7 x,
10 9 8 6 x,
10 9 7 6 x |
High |
- |
|
J 10 8 x x, 10 9 8 x x,
10 9 7 x x |
Low |
- |
|
J 10 9 8 x,
J 10 9 7 x,
J 10 8 7 x |
High |
- |
a. Depending on partnership agreement, leads my be either the Ace or King.
Also see
Details on signaling and books on
Leads
|